Vietnamese Square Sticky Rice Cake (Banh Chung or Chung cake) is a must-have in the Lunar New Year celebration of Vietnam. Despite being made from simple ingredients, this traditional cake tastes wonderful and has beautiful cultural meaning.
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The Story of Vietnamese Square Sticky Rice Cake (Banh Chung)
All people in Vietnam, including little kids, know this story by heart. Once upon a time, a Viet king held a competition in which each of his sons would need to bring a delicious dish to honor the ancestors on the occasion of Lunar New Year. Whoever brought the most delicious dish would be the next king.
The poorest son of the king created Banh Chung from very simple and familiar agricultural produce. With a square shape and green outer layer, the cake symbolizes the Earth.
The main ingredient is sticky rice which was one of the most important foods to ancient Viet people. Hidden inside the sticky rice layer is the delicious filling made from mung bean and fatty pork. This cake is a beautiful representation of respects for ancestors and Mother Nature.
The King was so impressed with Banh Chung that he decided to pass the throne to its creator. Ever since then, Square Sticky Rice Cake has become an important component in Vietnamese Lunar New Year Feast. The cake is delicious with fragrant rice, creamy mung bean filling, tender pork and some heat from plenty of black pepper.
Making Vietnamese Square Sticky Rice Cake (Banh Chung)
The main ingredients are easy to find, and although the process takes a whole day, it is so worth it in the end.
Ingredients
To make Vietnamese Square Sticky Rice Cake, you’ll need long-grain sticky rice, split mung bean, pork belly, salt and a lot of freshly cracked black pepper.
Some may prefer pork shoulder, but I like to use somewhat meaty pork belly. Make sure you use pork with fat because we want the fat to melt into the filling after long hours of cooking.
Sticky rice and mung bean need soaking overnight. I always steam the mung bean and mash or process very finely in a food processor. That way, it makes the filling so creamy and melt in the mouth.
Some people just put raw soaked mung bean directly in the cake, so if you are short on time, you can do so. However, you will notice that the mung bean will not be as creamy compared to when you cook and mash it first.
Traditionally, Banh Chung is wrapped in dong leaves which I can’t find here. Instead, we use banana leaves which you can find in the freezer at a lot of Asian grocery stores.
The leaves give the outer rice the bright green color. Thaw them in the refrigerator from the night before and wash and pat dry right before wrapping the cake.
Washing the leaves will ensure the cake stay good for a fair amount of time. When my mom was a kid, my granddad always gave her this task and she hated it because she had to touch cold water for so long in winter.
Wrapping and assembling the cake
We use a wooden mold to make wrapping more easily.
Arrange a clean working station and put the clean banana leaves, kitchen twines and a pair of scissors near you and get started. We made a short clip to show you how we fold and place banana leaves in each corner.
You may notice that the piece we use in the clip got torn a little bit because we redid the clip quite a few times. Please make sure you use a piece of leaves that isn’t torn :). The step-by-step photos are in the recipe card.
Once the leaves have been laid out, we can start putting ingredients inside. Start with one layer of sticky rice, then one layer of cooked mung bean and pork belly. Put one more layer of mung bean and a final layer of sticky rice on top. Then we just fold the leaves down to close the parcel and tie around it with kitchen twine.
Cooking Vietnamese Square Sticky Rice Cake (Banh Chung)
Traditionally, Vietnamese people make tens of Chung cake and put them in a very big and tall pot. They then fill the pot with water and boil over wood fire for 12 hours.
We boil the cakes on our stovetop for 10-12 hours depending on how many cakes we make. After boiling time is over, the cake needs to be pressed under heavy objects for a few hours to remove excess water.
Serving Vietnamese Square Sticky Rice Cake (Banh Chung)
After pressing the cake, you can peel off the leaves and serve it immediately. Cut into four or eight slices depending on how big you like.
Eat it on its own or with Vietnamese pork sausage (gio lua) and/or with soy sauce. You can also pan fry it which will make it crispy and more delicious. I can eat this cake for any meals in the day.
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Storing Vietnamese Square Sticky Rice Cake
Leftover can be stored in the refrigerator for a few days. After removing from the refrigerator, you can either microwave or pan-fry it.
The cake can also be frozen. If you freeze the whole cake, it’s best to re-boil them for 1-2 hours. If you only freeze a few slices, you can thaw in the refrigerator and reheat in microwave or fry it.
Some small tips
If you are not confident with your wrapping skill, you can reinforce the cake by wrapping it with a layer of aluminum foil.
I like to start wrapping in the morning so I can finish boiling the cake before bedtime and then let the cake pressed overnight.
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